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РЕШУ ЦТ — английский язык
Вариант № 8251
1.  
i

When student Sheridan Gregorio (1) ... at Fortaleza airport in Brazil, he (2) ... to fly home to Holland. He had had a great vacation, but unfortunately he (3) ... all his money. All he had was his airline ticket back to Amsterdam. But when he checked in, the airline employees at the airport said, "You have to pay airport tax before you (4) ... the country." Even though Sheridan explained that he was completely broke, he (5) ... to fly, so he missed his flight home. His ticket was nonrefundable, so now he needed to buy a new ticket and pay the airport tax. Since he (6) ... no money, Sheridan's only option was to sleep in the airport and work in restaurants in exchange for food and some money. He (7) ... for five months, before he (8) ... enough money for the airport tax, and the Brazilian police persuaded the airline to let him use his old ticket to go home. Sheridan finally arrived home safe and sound last week.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (1).

1) was arriving
2) arrived
3) has arrived
4) was arrived
2.  
i

I was beginning to feel a little nervous. It was my first day as the personal assistant to a company director. I (1) ... at the interview that I could speak French but it wasn’t true. I hoped they (2) ... out that I had been lying. At first everything went well. My boss was very helpful and he explained to me what I had to do. Then I (3) ... to my colleagues, who were all very friendly. Just as I was sitting down at my desk the phone rang. As soon as I picked up the receiver I started to panic. A woman (4) ... to me in French and naturally, I couldn’t understand a word she (5) ... . When the boss saw how upset I was, he (6) ... the phone from me. To my surprise he answered the woman in English and then he burst out laughing. Afterwards he told me it was his mother. She (7) ... to the dentist’s and was having difficulty speaking properly. She had been talking to me in English not French!

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (2).

1) don’t find
2) haven’t found
3) weren’t found
4) wouldn’t find
3.  
i

When student Sheridan Gregorio (1) ... at Fortaleza airport in Brazil, he (2) ... to fly home to Holland. He had had a great vacation, but unfortunately he (3) ... all his money. All he had was his airline ticket back to Amsterdam. But when he checked in, the airline employees at the airport said, "You have to pay airport tax before you (4) ... the country." Even though Sheridan explained that he was completely broke, he (5) ... to fly, so he missed his flight home. His ticket was nonrefundable, so now he needed to buy a new ticket and pay the airport tax. Since he (6) ... no money, Sheridan's only option was to sleep in the airport and work in restaurants in exchange for food and some money. He (7) ... for five months, before he (8) ... enough money for the airport tax, and the Brazilian police persuaded the airline to let him use his old ticket to go home. Sheridan finally arrived home safe and sound last week.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (3).

1) had spent
2) was spent
3) was spending
4) had been spending
4.  
i

We (1) ... along this mountain road, miles from anywhere, when we (2) ... across a trail of tins of food and bottles of water along the road. I looked out of the car window and noticed this camper van about ten metres below us in a field, with its back door hanging off. It (3) ... off the road. We stopped the car. A young man (4) ... back up towards the road. He (5) ... in blood, so we offered to take him to hospital. As we drove off, with him lying on the back seat, he (6) ... asking about his girlfriend  — was she all right? When we (7) ... the hospital we found that she (8) ... up and taken to casualty by someone else. Luckily, she was okay  — and so was he, eventually.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (4).

1) has climbed
2) was climbing
3) had been climbed
4) climbed
5.  
i

No one knows who invented maps, or when or even where. The oldest known examples date back over 4,000 years, but the idea may be far older. It is not surprising that maps (1) ... many travellers to great achievements. It is almost impossible to look at a map without wondering what (2) ... in the place on it. Countless explorers have been inspired by maps to test the truth of what the maps describe and explore their frontiers. However, the lack of accurate maps almost (3) ... to a mutiny (мятеж) aboard Columbus‟s ship in 1492. More recently there was a near disaster during the Apollo space mission. The astronauts Armstrong and Aldrin came frightfully close to crashing into a huge crater that lunar cartographers (4) ... to mark. Even now, cartographers (5) ... the world. Some jungle-covered areas of South and Central America haven‟t yet been mapped in full detail. We (6) ... better maps of other planets than we do of our own. Many years (7) ... before we have an atlas of the Earth as good as the one we have for the Moon.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вставь­те на место про­пус­ка (5) про­пу­щен­ное слово.

1) have still mapped
2) were still mapping
3) are still mapped
4) are still mapping
6.  
i

The American bald eagle (1) ... off the endangered register in the next two years. More than 1,130 animals and plants (2) ... by the US Fish and Wildlife Service as endangered or threatened, making it illegal to kill or harm them. Until now, few species had been removed from the register and when they were it was usually because they (3) ... extinct. As America's national bird, the bald eagle has been protected in various ways since 1940. The eagle, that is not really bald but looks it because of the white feathers on its head, (4) ... only in North America. It (5) ... the centre of attention in the argument about the best way to protect endangered species. Most environmentalists agree that if the use of pesticides isn't reduced, it (6) ... the reproductive system of rare species. But fortunately, there are now more than 5,000 nesting pairs of the bald eagle in the continental US and the numbers (7) ... at 10 per cent a year.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (6).

1) has certainly affected
2) will certainly affect
3) will certainly be affected
4) is certainly affected
7.  
i

In a profession where black women are still in the minority, Alek Wek (1) ... the title 'super-model'. Her life, however, hasn’t been easy. Alek was born into a poor family in Sudan in 1977, the seventh of nine children. In 1983, civil war broke out. In the end, Alek's family decided to move to Khartoum, the capital of Sudan, where unfortunately Alek’s father died. In 1991, Alek and her younger sister moved to the UK. Their older sister (2) ... to Britain three years earlier. They (3) ... refugee status in Britain. Wek (4) ... a course in fashion and business when she was discovered by a scout from the Models One agency in London. The discovery (5) ... her available for the music video “Golden Eye” by Tina Turner, which eventually became the starter of her professional career. Since then Wek has been a top model for over 15 years. However, these days she (6) ... more and more time working with charities which help Africa. Since 2002, Wek has been an advisor to the US Committee for Refugees. In the 1990s, Alek Wek changed the stereotype of how a model should look. Now she (7) ... the stereotype of how a model should behave.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (7).

1) is changed
2) had changed
3) is changing
4) changed
8.  
i

Recently, more and more students have started to take up (1) ... full-time paid work while they are still studying. This means that some of them end up actually leaving their degree courses because they see the advantages of having (2) ... stable income and feel that this is more useful than getting a degree. Earning a reasonable wage means that they are able to begin to pay (3) ... the debts they have run (4) ... while they were at college or university. Why do they have these debts? Sometimes it is because they are not good (5) ... managing their money and overspend (6) ... entertainment and clothes. Sometimes it is not their fault. Banks are keen to offer students credit cards and it is very easy to build up a big overdraft. And it is almost impossible (7) ... students to cover all the costs of (8) ... accommodation and other necessary expenses.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (1).

1) а
2) an
3) the
4) -
9.  
i

At (1) ... early age Robert Burns, Scotland's greatest poet, had to help his father on his farm. When he was twenty-two, he went to Irvine, where he began to learn about making cloth. Shortly after his arrival, the factory in which he was training was destroyed (2) ... fire so he started (3) ... farm with his younger brother. While he was living on the farm, he concentrated (4) ... writing poems and fell for a local girl, Jean Armour. Robert wanted to marry her but her father would not allow him to do so, probably because he thought Burns was not wealthy enough. Her father's refusal took Robert (5) ... surprise and he decided to leave (6) ... country. Robert had to obtain the fare for the voyage by selling some poems. Just as he was about to leave he was given some advice  — to publish a new edition of the poems he had written. He received a large sum of money for the poetry and was able to get married (7) ... Jean Armour. During his marriage he continued to write the expressive poetry he became famous (8) ... .

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (2).

1) by
2) on
3) in
4) with
10.  
i

A recent survey has been analysing information about the time that people in the UK take off work because of illness. The study was carried (1) ... in 4,300 businesses around the country. The analysts looked (2) ... the number of absences, when they took place and the reasons given (3) ... them. It was found that Manchester was the city where people took most days off- an average of 11 days a year. People were off the least time of all in London (only 7 days (4) ... average). Employers also claimed that many workers chose to be absent when there was something good (5) ... television. (6) ... most employers thought their employees often did not tell (7) ... truth about why they were taking time off. Bosses said that they believed that less than 10% of (8) ... sick notes they received were genuine.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (3).

1) on
2) for
3) to
4) with
11.  
i

David de Rothschild is known (1) ... his efforts to make the earth a better place for those who inhabit it. Recently, David has become involved (2) ... a project which he believes will help save oceans. In the middle of (3) ... Pacific Ocean there is (4) ... vast pile of rubbish, which floats on the water and causes terrible damage (5) ... the environment. This region is filled (6) ... plastic waste. David came up with an ideal way to use this waste and help preserve our oceans at the same time. He is having a specially designed boat built out of 12,500 empty plastic bottles. David plans to sail (7) ... boat from San Francisco to Sydney, Australia. He is enthusiastic (8) ... the journey regardless of the difficulties it may involve. David hopes that the adventure will encourage people not to ignore environmental problems.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (4).

1) а
2) an
3) the
4) -
12.  
i

A recent survey has been analysing information about the time that people in the UK take off work because of illness. The study was carried (1) ... in 4,300 businesses around the country. The analysts looked (2) ... the number of absences, when they took place and the reasons given (3) ... them. It was found that Manchester was the city where people took most days off- an average of 11 days a year. People were off the least time of all in London (only 7 days (4) ... average). Employers also claimed that many workers chose to be absent when there was something good (5) ... television. (6) ... most employers thought their employees often did not tell (7) ... truth about why they were taking time off. Bosses said that they believed that less than 10% of (8) ... sick notes they received were genuine.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (5).

1) on
2) in
3) at
4) by
13.  
i

We had been staying at (1) ... holiday resort on mainland Greece for nearly (2) ... week when we decided to visit one of the nearby islands. First, we booked the trip at our hotel, then we walked down to the harbour and found our boat. The captain welcomed us on board and we sat down near (3) ... front. (4) ... first, the weather was good and the sea was calm. However, after about fifteen minutes, dark clouds filled the sky, and it was clear that a storm was about to start. Ten minutes later, it was pouring (5) ... rain and the sea was extremely rough. It was absolutely terrifying! The captain of the boat explained (6) ... us that he couldn’t approach (7) ... the island  — he was worried that we might hit the rocks if we went too close! All we could do was wait for the storm to pass. All of the passengers were feeling very ill as well as frightened. But finally, the storm passed, the sea became calm once more and we finished our journey. I’ll never forget being (8) ... sea during a storm.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (6).

1) with
2) for
3) to
4) -
14.  
i

At (1) ... early age Robert Burns, Scotland's greatest poet, had to help his father on his farm. When he was twenty-two, he went to Irvine, where he began to learn about making cloth. Shortly after his arrival, the factory in which he was training was destroyed (2) ... fire so he started (3) ... farm with his younger brother. While he was living on the farm, he concentrated (4) ... writing poems and fell for a local girl, Jean Armour. Robert wanted to marry her but her father would not allow him to do so, probably because he thought Burns was not wealthy enough. Her father's refusal took Robert (5) ... surprise and he decided to leave (6) ... country. Robert had to obtain the fare for the voyage by selling some poems. Just as he was about to leave he was given some advice  — to publish a new edition of the poems he had written. He received a large sum of money for the poetry and was able to get married (7) ... Jean Armour. During his marriage he continued to write the expressive poetry he became famous (8) ... .

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (7).

1) with
2) in
3) at
4) to
15.  
i

Recently, more and more students have started to take up (1) ... full-time paid work while they are still studying. This means that some of them end up actually leaving their degree courses because they see the advantages of having (2) ... stable income and feel that this is more useful than getting a degree. Earning a reasonable wage means that they are able to begin to pay (3) ... the debts they have run (4) ... while they were at college or university. Why do they have these debts? Sometimes it is because they are not good (5) ... managing their money and overspend (6) ... entertainment and clothes. Sometimes it is not their fault. Banks are keen to offer students credit cards and it is very easy to build up a big overdraft. And it is almost impossible (7) ... students to cover all the costs of (8) ... accommodation and other necessary expenses.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (8).

1) а
2) an
3) the
4) -
16.  
i

Про­чи­тай­те пред­ло­же­ния. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та.

 

Richard is ... now that he's got a permanent job.

1) much happier
2) far most happy
3) much most happy
4) far more happier
17.  
i

Про­чи­тай­те пред­ло­же­ния. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та.

 

Brian continued to work long hours, … his doctor told him not to get overworked.

1) in spite of
2) although
3) even if
4) despite
18.  
i

Ука­жи­те номер под­черк­ну­то­го фраг­мен­та, в ко­то­ром до­пу­ще­на ошиб­ка.

 

A large number of people (1) finds themselves (2) in debt (3) because they spend more than (4) they can afford.

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
19.  
i

Ука­жи­те номер под­черк­ну­то­го фраг­мен­та, в ко­то­ром до­пу­ще­на ошиб­ка.

 

A significant number of people is moving (1) out of (2) very cosmopolitan cities (3) to the countryside (4).

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
20.  
i

Ука­жи­те номер под­черк­ну­то­го фраг­мен­та, в ко­то­ром до­пу­ще­на ошиб­ка.

 

We didn’t book a table (1) but it didn’t matter (2) as (3) it was hardly anyone (4) in the restaurant anyway.

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
21.  
i

Ука­жи­те номер под­черк­ну­то­го фраг­мен­та, в ко­то­ром до­пу­ще­на ошиб­ка.

 

I've decided that since (1) you've got everything under control (2) it's no point (3) in my staying here any longer (4).

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
22.  
i

According to the United Nations' population figures, the world's population will be (1) ... for 8.9 billion by the year 2050, (2) ... to 6.7 billion in 2009. This figure (3) ... into account that each woman on the planet will give birth to two children. Eight billion, nine hundred million people may sound like an astronomical figure, yet statistics (4) ... that, throughout the world, the number of children being born is (5) ... . The explanation (6) ... for this is the fact that women have become better educated and would rather (7) ... a career than enjoy motherhood. Therefore, they (8) ... bringing up many children and being out of work for long periods of time. All the same, the world's population will continue to increase in spite of the ageing population. This will happen because of an overall rise in life expectancy, especially in the developed countries. The main (9) ... for this is that many diseases which were fatal in the past, can be (10) ... nowadays.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (1).

1) heading
2) counting
3) increasing
4) raising
23.  
i

There's no (1) ... to settle for an unhealthy lunch from home or the mysterious unhealthy food in the cafeteria. Why not eat a lunch that is delicious and good for you? Did you know that the types of foods you choose (2) ... your mood and energy levels? According to dietician Andrea Garen, a healthy lunch 'needs to combine nutrient-rich foods from several food groups to (3) ... energy and concentration for several (4) ... .' And, since teenagers are growing and (5) ... through changes, the need for nutrients is (6) ... more significant. 'Because of development, calcium needs are greater during adolescence than at any other time,' says Mary Choate, a food and nutrition educator. "Good sources of calcium (7) ... dairy products and calcium-fortified cereals.' And, that's just the beginning. A balanced meal has a (8) ... variety of colours and flavours, so you'll never get bored. Basically, any lunch should contain (9) ... three ounces of protein, plus some good sources of carbohydrates. Lots of nutritious fruits and vegetables are also (10) ... .

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (1).

1) demand
2) idea
3) want
4) need
24.  
i

One of the most difficult but rewarding pastimes is mountain climbing. The modern climber must (1) ... many different skills. Rock climbing (2) ... a combination of gymnastic ability, imagination and observation, but perhaps the most necessary skill is being able to (3) ... out how much weight a particular rock will support. Mountaineers climb in groups of three or four, each climber at a distance of approximately six meters from the next. Usually one person climbs while the other climbers (4) ... hold of the rope. There is no (5) ... that the most experienced climber goes first. He shows the other climbers which (6) ... to go, making the rope secure so that it is (7) ... for the others to follow. With much mountain climbing, snow skills (8) ... a very important part. The number of dangers (9) ... by climbers is almost endless. And the (10) ... of oxygen at high altitudes makes life even more difficult fot mountaineers.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (3).

1) put
2) work
3) stand
4) set
25.  
i

Years ago, back in the days when I was just a kid, my family used to have Sunday picnics together in a nearby part of the countryside. We would (1) ... a suitably quiet and pleasant spot, then (2) ... several hours chatting, eating and playing games in the (3) ... air. Since then, though, my parents' life has become so busy that they never seem to have the time for outdoor family meals any more. In my (4) ... this is a great pity, so I've recently started to organise picnics of my own. I get in (5) ... with some of my closest friends and first we (6) ... on a suitable place to go. Then we talk about who'll bring which food. This ensures that there will be a (7) ... of tasty things to eat, particularly if everyone makes the meals they do best. It's important, though, to keep the food simple, as everything has to (8) ... into a backpack and then be carried across fields and up river vall's. When we finally (9) ... our destination, it's time to sit down, relax and (10) ... each other's company. And I'm absolutely certain that food tastes better on a picnic than anywhere else!

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (4).

1) view
2) regard
3) thought
4) belief
26.  
i

A coincidence is a surprising thing that (1) ... to us. For example, two friends go shopping alone on the same day. When they (2) ... up afterwards, they discover that they've each bought an identical T-shirt. Many people (3) ... coincidences as significant or mysterious. But the simple (4) ... could be that friends tend to have (5) ... taste in clothes. In reality, life is (6) ... of coincidences, but normally we don't notice them. For example, in almost fifty percent of all football matches, two players (7) ... the same birthday. This seems surprising, given that there are 365 possible birthdays in the year. But most of these matches will be played without anybody being (8) ... that the coincidence exists. Unless your birthday is today or tomorrow, you don't generally go around telling people when it is. What's more, without realising it, you probably (9) ... into contact with lots of people born on the same day as you. But when a coincidence is (10) ... to your attention, it still seems amazing.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (5).

1) close
2) same
3) alike
4) similar
27.  
i

Not many creatures can (1) ... alive in the freezing cold of the far north. However, there are a number of creatures which (2) ... to survive in places where the temperatures can fall as (3) ... as minus 28 degrees. One of the most remarkable of these creatures is the Alaskan wood frog. When it gets (4) ... cold in the winter months, up to two thirds of the water in the frog’s body actually freezes. But once the days begin to (5) ... slightly warmer in spring, the frogs thaw out (от­та­и­вать) again. Scientists have long been trying to discover the process that makes this rebirth (воз­рож­де­ние) (6) ... and now they have discovered how it is done. The frogs produce a chemical in their body that (7) ... the antifreeze that people use to (8) ... their cars from freezing. This chemical in the frog’s body (9) ... in a very similar way in (10) ... to protect its most important organs.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (5).

1) turn
2) come
3) move
4) start
28.  
i

Heston Blumental, a British chef, was first inspired to cook when (1) ... France as a teenager. There, the scent of lavender and other herbs made him (2) ... the importance of the (3) ... of smell in the whole eating process. Heston is now a well-(4) ... chef despite having a difficult start. He left school without (5) ... many qualifications, and had a series of uninspiring jobs. He never lost his passion for food, though, and he eventually bought an old pub, w'here he started to (6) ... out his ideas for new recipes. The pub became a world-famous restaurant. One thing that makes Heston lose his (7) ... is customers taking photos of their food. Heston’s (8) ... ofviewisthat each diner at his restaurant should be fully ‘present’ in the whole food experience. This cannot happen, he says, if they are (9) ... attention to their cameras or their phones. Using flash, in (10) ..., drives him and the other customers quite mad!

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (6).

1) turn
2) make
3) work
4) come
29.  
i

Do you ever wish you were more optimistic? Having someone around who always (1) ... the worst isn't really a lot of fun  — we all know someone who sees a single cloud on a sunny day and says, "It (2) ... like rain." But if you catch yourself thinking such things, it's important to do something about it. You can change your view of life, according to psychologists. It only takes a little (3) ..., and you'll find life more rewarding as a result. Optimism, they say, is partly about self-respect and confidence but it's also a more positive way of looking at life and all it has to (4) ... . Optimists are more likely to start new projects and are generally more prepared to (5) ... risks. Upbringing is obviously very important in forming your (6) ... to the world. Some people are brought up to (7) ... too much on others and grow up forever blaming other people when anything (8) ... wrong. Most optimists, on the other hand, have been brought up not to regard failure as the end of the world  — they just (9) ... with their lives.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (7).

1) demand
2) depend
3) trust
4) expect
30.  
i

Climbing Everest and walking up a mountain in Scotland may seem like completely (1) ... activity, but both require (2) ... preparation. (3) ... injury and even death can occur, even on an apparently easy route if a few basic guidelines are not followed. Firstly, and perhaps most importantly, (4) ... the weather forecast before you (5) ... If you have any doubts at all, (6) ... your trip until conditions improve. Ensure that you have the proper equipment. Your list should (7) ... a good pair of walking boots, a thick jumper and a good (8) ... waterproof jacket. Be sure to take food supplies in case you (9) ... against problems on the mountainside and (10) ... having to spend the night there.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (8).

1) make
2) brand
3) quality
4) mark
31.  
i

Young Composers is an online resource for anyone (1) ... in music composition. Amateur musicians can upload music to their network, where their review team helps young people to (2) ... their music abilities. Their composer forum is an active community of professionals, students, and amateurs who can (3) ... questions about the life and career of composing, or (4) ... chat in the 'shoutbox'. YC's main purpose is to (5) ... people to post their music, receive feedback on it and improve as composers. One way to (6) ... from the knowledge on the forum is to (7) ... a contributing member: review others' works and, of course, post your own pieces for feedback and analysis. The best way to (8) ... advantage of the forum is to participate. By reviewing the works of others other members will get to know you and they will see that you are making an (9) ... to give back to their community. It's a great website to learn and help others to (10) ... at the same time.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (9).

1) impression
2) effort
3) effect
4) application
32.  
i

Вы­бе­ри­те от­вет­ную ре­пли­ку, под­хо­дя­щую по смыс­лу к пред­ло­жен­ной ре­пли­ке-сти­му­лу.

 

Will following this advice help him feel healthier?

1) It will certainly work.
2) It's as follows.
3) Unwillingly.
4) He'll do his best.
33.  
i

Вы­бе­ри­те от­вет­ную ре­пли­ку, под­хо­дя­щую по смыс­лу к пред­ло­жен­ной ре­пли­ке-сти­му­лу.

 

Would you mind closing the door?

1) I haven't made up my mind yet.
2) To my mind, you shouldn't.
3) Never mind.
4) Not at all.
34.  
i

Уста­но­ви­те со­от­вет­ствие между ре­пли­ка­ми-сти­му­ла­ми и от­вет­ны­ми ре­пли­ка­ми. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та.

 

РЕ­ПЛИ­КИ-СТИ­МУ­ЛЫ ОТ­ВЕТ­НЫЕ РЕ­ПЛИ­КИ

1  — I must be off now.

2  — It's good tọ see you again.

3  — It seems a longtime since I saw you last.

4  — I'm crazy about football.

A  — Yes, time flies.

B  — See you soon then.

C  — Me too.

D  — Delighted to see you too.

E  — I'll see.

1) 1B2C3E4A
2) 1E2B3A4C
3) 1C2D3A4E
4) 1B2D3A4C
35.  
i

Рас­по­ло­жи­те ре­пли­ки так, чтобы по­лу­чил­ся связ­ный диа­лог. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та.

 

A.  How do you like commuting to London every day? Don't you find it a strain?

B.  I used to feel the same as you, but now I quite enjoy it.

C.  It was awful at first, especially getting up before dawn. But it's bearable now that I am used to it.

D.  In the morning I just sit in comfort and read the papers and on the way home at night I relax or have a nap, or chat with friends.

E.  Don't you think it's a waste of time to spend three hours sitting in a train every day?

F.  How do you pass the time?

1) ACEBFD
2) AECFDB
3) ABFCED
4) ABECDF
36.  
i

§ 1. If you walk into any bookstore there is an entire shelf dedicated to books about people who decide to change their lives by relocating to another country. I used to laugh at those kinds of books and wonder why anyone would put themselves through the discomfort of going to live in a foreign country  — all in search of a simple lifel

§ 2. One day, instead of walking straight past this section, I selected a book to read on the train. It was about an accountant who realised one day how boring her life was, so she bought a ticket to Italy. After reading the book, the idea of moving abroad had lodged (за­се­ла) itself in my mind and was turning into a magnificent possibility.

§ 3. I resigned from the hospital where I worked, sold my apartment and moved to the region of Umbria in Italy. Once there, I rented an apartment and hired a little motorbike. I loved sampling the local cuisine and I signed up for a short cooking course. A very charming local man called Francesco ran the course. Each lesson not only did we learn how to prepare an authentic Umbrian dish, we were also rolling around the floor in fits of laughter, since Francesco was a natural storyteller and we enjoyed his talent for imitating people.

§ 4. I also took a three-month Italian language course. It is fair to say that my attempts at cooking were more successful than my attempts to acquire a new language. I tried hard, however, and after a few weeks of lessons I actually had a short conversation with a local  — OK, I only asked for directions to the train station. In my mind, though, this was a triumph of communication and I was satisfied with my modest progress.

§ 5. It was at one of these language classes that I heard a fellow student, John, mention that his neighbour, Sandro, was moving to Rome and selling his farmhouse very cheap. John said he wished he had the money to purchase it himself, as the property was sure to be snapped up soon. I couldn't believe that it cost less than half the amount that I had sold my tiny apartment for. Would I dare to copy the writers of all those books? I had to go and have a look, of course. The farmhouse was located on the top of a hill, and although it was very run-down, it possessed charm. I bought it straight away.

§ 6. The project wasn't without its difficulties, though. The farmhouse was collapsing in several places. My first priority, therefore, was to hire some local workers to add supports to the building. I also strengthened the foundations, installed a new kitchen and renovated the rest of the property. In the end, all the cost and effort were worthwhile, because I felt I belonged here as much as I did anywhere in the world, and I was determined to make it my home. I must say I sometimes look at my collection of books on Italy and think I'd like to have a goal writing one myself I'd like to share my experience and let other dreamers out there know that the difficulty is worth it. I didn't quite find the simple life, but I did find what the Italians call the sweet life  — la dolce vita.

Про­чи­тай­те текст и вы­бе­ри­те ва­ри­ант от­ве­та, со­от­вет­ству­ю­щий его со­дер­жа­нию.

 

What did the author originally think of books about going to live in a foreign country?

1) They took up too much space in bookstores.
2) They didn't interest her in any way.
3) They contained many entertaining stories.
37.  
i

§ 1. Believe it or not, I used to read Flight International every week from the age of eight onwards  — my father, an aviation engineer, encouraged my early passion for planes but I never thought that one day I would be working on it as a journalist.

§ 2. Flight International is read by anyone with an interest in aviation. From pilots to manufacturers, technicians to air vice marshals, all are readers looking for the latest news in this sector. As news editor, I'm responsible for deciding what appears on the 20 news pages we produce each week. Aviation is one of the few truly global industries and we have a team of reporters around the world. When I left school, my original plan was to become an engineer. I studied aeronautical engineering at university but found the course rather unsatisfactory. At the time there was a huge recession on with few jobs going, and I was forced to look round for other options. I actually wrote to Flight and asked for a job. The then deputy editor advised me to do a course in journalism which had just been set up, which is what I did.

§ 3. I found the course useful not so much because it gave me a pretty good basic grounding in journalism, but mainly because it focused on several workplacements, which I was able to do at Flight. I wrote a few pieces and got my face known at the magazine. When the course finished there were no jobs available on Flight so I went off and worked for an aviation newsletter. After a year or so the technical reporter at Flight moved to another job and I was in. The great thing for me about working here has been the chance to ask people questions about something I'm genuinely interested in, and to combine it with my other passion, travel. After a couple of years I was offered a job in Munich in Germany,

§ 4. It was fantastic timing as the aviation industry in eastern Europe was just opening up and I got to report on it and see the region. From there I went to Singapore, which again was an extraordinary experience. I got to fly over the Far East, visiting factories, meeting fascinating people and doing interviews, and to be honest I would have been happy to stay there a bit longer.

§ 5. However, jobs like this don't come up very often  — the last news editor stayed ten years - and so when I was offered it, I couldn't really say no. Although I'm much more office-based now, I still go to the big air shows. In some ways I was getting a bit tired of living out of a suitcase, although I still get a thrill when I take my seat on a new plane for the first time. A37. Why did the writer read Flight International when he was a child?

Про­чи­тай­те текст. От­веть­те на во­про­сы.

 

Why did the writer read Flight International when he was a child?

1) He wanted to become an airline pilot.
2) He was very interested in planes.
3) He dreamt of becoming a journalist on it.
38.  
i

§ 1. It was the last day of July. The long hot summer was drawing to a close; and we, the weary pilgrims of the London pavement, were beginning to think of the cloud-shadows on the corn-fields, and the autumn breezes on the sea-shore.

§ 2, As for me, the fading summer had left me out of health, out of spirits, and, to tell the truth, out of money as well. During the last year I had not managed my professional funds as carefully as usual; and my overspending now meant I had to spend the autumn cheaply in my mother’s cottage in Hampstead and my own rooms in town.

§ 3. The evening, I remember, was still and cloudy; the London air was at its heaviest; the distant hum of the street traffic was at its quietest. I roused myself from the book which I was dreaming over rather than reading, and left my office to meet the cool night air in the suburbs. It was one of the two evenings in every week which I spent with my mother and sister, so I turned my steps northward in the direction of Hampstead.

§ 4. Events which I have yet to tell make it necessary to say at this point that my father had been dead some years, and that my sister Sarah and I were the sole survivors of a family of five children. My father was a drawing master before me. His hard work had made him very successful in his job, and because he was anxious about those who were dependent on him, he had from the time of his marriage spent far more on insuring his life than most men consider necessary. Thanks to his care my mother and sister were left, after his death, as independent of the world as they had been during his lifetime. I followed him into his profession and had every reason to feel grateful for the start he had given me.

§ 5. The quiet twilight was still trembling on to the top ridges of the heath; and the view of London below me had sunk into a black gulf in the shadows of the cloudy night, when I stood before the gate of my mother’s cottage.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. От­веть­те на во­про­сы.

 

Before he left his room the writer

1) was working
2) was asleep.
3) was day-dreaming with a book in his hand.
39.  
i

§ 1. G. Р. Taylor is the Yorkshire vicar {при­ходcкой свя­щен­ник) who sold his motorbike to self-publish 2,000 copies of his first novel, Shadowmancer, a book that was subsequently picked up by publishers Faber & Faber and got to number one in the New York Times bestseller list. His novels bring to one’s mind dark, chilling worlds in which the supernatural threatens to take over, yet he describes his life as a writer in purely functional terms. He is able to name the exact day that he became a novelist: March 21,2002. ‘It was one of those fruitful moments in my life. Harry Potter was becoming very popular. And I thought, “This woman’s written a book. I might write one.” ’

§ 2. ‘ I got a copy of Harry Potter, counted the number of words that were on the page, measured the width of the margin {поля), counted the number of chapters in the book, how many pages were in the book and set my computer screen up so that it would have 468 words on the page. My chapters were the same length as the Harry Potter chapters; I thought, “This must be how you write a book.” ’ Shadowmancer is a simple and uncomplicated fantasy  — and Taylor, who is his own most effective critic, makes few further claims for the novel. ‘It’s a great story, but if I’d written it now, it would be a completely different book. In many ways, it’s a clumsy classic. There are a lot of things in there that I would get rid of. And yet, I think that’s the big attraction. It’s because it’s an incredible adventure story, written by a non-writer, just a storyteller.'

§ 3. Taylor returns to this distinction between writing and storytelling a number of times, distancing himself from grand and lofty ideas of the novelist’s purpose. He describes himself as a ‘fairly uneducated kid’ who ran away to London as a teenager. He is uncomfortable talking at any length about favourite novels or influences beyond J. K. Rowling: T have not read all that many books. I’m not a very literate person.’

§ 4. Taylor was a rock-music promoter in his twenties and remains a showman, happiest in front of a crowd. He describes the talks he gives in schools and at festivals, dressed up as a sea captain or as an 18th-century highwayman in a long black coat. ‘You’re using your face, you’re using your body, you’re acting out what you’re doing.’ The business of putting his thoughts in writing can be problematic in comparison. As a storyteller, in order to demonstrate shock or alarm to an audience he will ‘pause between sentences and show a wide-eyed, staring face. But to describe that in English...’

Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та в со­от­вет­ствии с со­дер­жа­ни­ем при­ве­ден­но­го тек­ста.

 

What opinion does Taylor have of himself?

1) He is very proud of his achievements as a writer.
2) He thinks he is a better writer than J. K. Rowling.
3) He does not regard himself as a serious novelist.
40.  
i

§ 1. If you walk into any bookstore there is an entire shelf dedicated to books about people who decide to change their lives by relocating to another country. I used to laugh at those kinds of books and wonder why anyone would put themselves through the discomfort of going to live in a foreign country  — all in search of a simple lifel

§ 2. One day, instead of walking straight past this section, I selected a book to read on the train. It was about an accountant who realised one day how boring her life was, so she bought a ticket to Italy. After reading the book, the idea of moving abroad had lodged (за­се­ла) itself in my mind and was turning into a magnificent possibility.

§ 3. I resigned from the hospital where I worked, sold my apartment and moved to the region of Umbria in Italy. Once there, I rented an apartment and hired a little motorbike. I loved sampling the local cuisine and I signed up for a short cooking course. A very charming local man called Francesco ran the course. Each lesson not only did we learn how to prepare an authentic Umbrian dish, we were also rolling around the floor in fits of laughter, since Francesco was a natural storyteller and we enjoyed his talent for imitating people.

§ 4. I also took a three-month Italian language course. It is fair to say that my attempts at cooking were more successful than my attempts to acquire a new language. I tried hard, however, and after a few weeks of lessons I actually had a short conversation with a local  — OK, I only asked for directions to the train station. In my mind, though, this was a triumph of communication and I was satisfied with my modest progress.

§ 5. It was at one of these language classes that I heard a fellow student, John, mention that his neighbour, Sandro, was moving to Rome and selling his farmhouse very cheap. John said he wished he had the money to purchase it himself, as the property was sure to be snapped up soon. I couldn't believe that it cost less than half the amount that I had sold my tiny apartment for. Would I dare to copy the writers of all those books? I had to go and have a look, of course. The farmhouse was located on the top of a hill, and although it was very run-down, it possessed charm. I bought it straight away.

§ 6. The project wasn't without its difficulties, though. The farmhouse was collapsing in several places. My first priority, therefore, was to hire some local workers to add supports to the building. I also strengthened the foundations, installed a new kitchen and renovated the rest of the property. In the end, all the cost and effort were worthwhile, because I felt I belonged here as much as I did anywhere in the world, and I was determined to make it my home. I must say I sometimes look at my collection of books on Italy and think I'd like to have a goal writing one myself I'd like to share my experience and let other dreamers out there know that the difficulty is worth it. I didn't quite find the simple life, but I did find what the Italians call the sweet life  — la dolce vita.

Опре­де­ли­те зна­че­ние ука­зан­но­го слова в тек­сте.

 

be snapped up (§ 5)

1) be in demand
2) become unwanted
3) be pulled down
41.  
i

§ 1. High up in the mountains of southeast Asia, you can find the Akha hill tribes living in their traditional villages and farming the land.

§ 2. The history of the Akha people goes back hundreds, if not thousands, of years. They originally came from Tibet and have maintained the physical characteristics of that region, being fairly short and dark in complexion. Today, they live in small villages in the mountainous parts of China, Laos and northern Thailand. The Akha people are rich in culture, history and tradition. But they are also among the world's poorest people. Akha women remain remarkably strong and cheerful in the face of such a hard life. Akha men are brave and strong.

§ 3. The Akha have their own way of measuring time where one week lasts 12 days. Each village has its own leader or headman, and under his guidance people follow a code of behaviour known as the Akha Way. Thanks to the Akha Way, each person in these small communities knows their role in society. The men provide for their families by farming crops. They are also talented craftsmen. The women do spinning and weaving and make their own clothes. They wear colourfully decorated black shirts and skirts, and thick black leggings. Their headdresses are especially distinctive. As for the children, even though many of them don't attend school, they all know the names of every plant and animal in the forest. There is no written Akha language but the oral tradition is very rich.

§ 4. Akha villages all look quite similar. The bamboo houses with their thatched roofs stand on stilts (сваи) on the hillsides. Every village has two wooden frames that look like a doorway at its entrance and exit. These structures have spiritual significance and are called the 'spirit gates'. Artists cover the frames with carvings of both evil and smiling faces. This is to invite good spirits to enter the village and keep bad spirits out. Each summer the men build a swing in a public open space. Here the young children gather to play, but not just as a playground game  — it is part of the yearly ceremony to honour dead ancestors.

§ 5. Sadly, the Akha Way is slowly disappearing from many villages. A growing number of tourists are visiting them and introducing a taste of Western culture. The women and girls only dress traditionally when there are tourists around in the hope they will buy souvenirs. Some Akha have even decided to take things a step further: they are leaving their villages to seek their fortunes in the big cities.

Опре­де­ли­те зна­че­ние ука­зан­но­го слова в тек­сте.

 

cheerful (§ 2)

1) funny
2) healthy
3) optimistic
42.  
i

§ 1. While having lunch in an expensive restaurant, I tasted the wine I had ordered. I thought it might be spoiled, so I called the wine waiter. He was most unpleasant at the mere suggestion that something might be wrong. Unwillingly he tasted the wine  — and immediately apologized and brought another bottle. That's what I call power!' said my guest, but it helped that I knew I was right. As the customer, you have considerable rights.

§ 2. If a restaurant fails to provide a table you have booked, they will have broken their contract with you and you can politely threaten to take them to court for the cost of a spoiled evening. They will then usually find you a table. On the other hand, if you let them down, they can take you to court for lost business. In one case, a company booked a table for one o'clock for five people at a popular restaurant, then called to cancel at 1.35 p.m. on the day, saying their client did not want to eat. When the company refused to pay up, the restaurant owner took them to court and won: the judge decided that, since it was too late to re-book the table, the company should pay for the loss of profit on the meal.

§ 3. The menu is a vital legal document. The price should be included, together with the tax (налог), and the restaurant can be fined for not displaying it outside or immediately inside the door, so that customers know in advance what they are committing themselves to. It is illegal for any establishment to give a false description of their food. Everything must be what it claims to be: fresh fruit salad must consist only of fresh, not tinned, fruit; Welsh lamb must be an animal born or raised in Wales.

§ 4. You cannot rely on getting bread and butter free. A restaurant is allowed to make a cover charge  — which relates to linen, tableware, salt and pepper, Sauces and items like bread or olives  — provided it appears on the menu by the door.

§ 5. If the food is not cooked to your satisfaction, you can insist on the restaurant taking it back and supplying what you ordered. If it gives you food poisoning, the restaurant is obliged to pay for the suffering and inconvenience provided you have been to your doctor. If the food is not up to a reasonable standard for the money, you can either send it back or pay less than the bill demands. If you do not pay the full price, give your name, address and proof of identity so that you cannot be arrested for leaving without paying.

Вы­бе­ри­те пра­виль­ный ва­ри­ант пе­ре­во­да в со­от­вет­ствии с со­дер­жа­ни­ем тек­ста.

 

As the customer, you have considerable rights. (§ 1)

1) Как у кли­ен­та, у вас есть зна­чи­тель­ные права.
2) Также, как и по­се­ти­тель, вы об­ла­да­е­те не­ко­то­ры­ми пра­ва­ми.
3) Какой вы по­ку­па­тель, на­столь­ко ве­ли­ки и ваши права.
43.  
i

A few years ago, a company called Space Marketing came up with a plan to send a mile-long advertisement into space. Using light reflected from the sun, it would beam out a message as large as the moon that could be seen by every single person on the planet as it orbited the Earth.

This would have been one advert that couldn't have been thrown out with the junk mail or switched off by remote control. (1)___ Advertising standards agencies eventually decided not to allow Space Marketing to go ahead with their plans and they were forced to abandon them, but not before several major companies had made serious enquiries about launching their logos into space.

Space may indeed be the final frontier for advertisers, because on Earth we are already surrounded by advertising wherever we are and whatever we are doing. (2)___ There are the promises of health and vitality on the cereal packet weate from this morning, for example, and the ad that we saw on the side of the bus we caught to work. Most of the time, we are probably not even aware of these less obvious advertising tactics, but that doesn't mean that they aren't effective. (3)___ You are in a packed cinema, watching the latest Hollywood blockbuster. There are adverts before the film or during a break in the film, but are there any during the film? Well, look carefully at the make of car your favourite actor is driving. And what about his watch? Can you see what brand it is? Chances are, you can, and the company that owns the brand is likely to have paid thousands for it to appear in the film.

Whilst products are most often placed' in this way in movies and TV series, they also sometimes appear in music videos, video games, plays and even books. (4)___ You may not realise you are being influenced by a technique that sounds so simple, but advertisers consider product placement to be a highly effective form of advertising. After all, they would not be willing to spend as much money as they do on it if they didn't truly believe it worked.

In fact, associating products with cool, exciting lives seems to be one of the most common forms of advertising. (5)___

And let's not forget the power of pure entertainment (6)___ If the consumers are looking forward to the next 'episode' of an ad, once again the product has become associated with something 'cool" and is therefore likely to See a considerable rise in popularity.

So, whether Space Marketing eventually succeeds in launching ads into space or not is perhaps a less important issue than it might seem.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (1) одним из пред­ло­жен­ных тек­сто­вых фраг­мен­тов.

 

1  — Apart from the obvious adverts that we see every day on TV, on billboards and in newspapers and magazines, there is a whole 'other world' of advertising messages fighting for our attention.

2  — However, this is a truly inescapable form of advertising.

3  — To advertising executives and agencies, it would have cen 'a dream come true'.

4  — Take 'product placement', for example.

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
44.  
i

I had been invited by Jack and his son John to participate in a film they were making about shark diving. I had been diving and writing about the ocean for a decade and had frequently found myself in the water with sharks. Never intentionally. They just appeared, unwanted. The idea of swimming with them seemed dangerous. Still, Jack McKen- ney had asked me to participate. 1)____

To attract the sharks, we laid out plastic boxes wired together and filled with frozen fish. Once dropped over the side, the boxes lay half in and half out of the water: As the bait thawed, a long line of blood and fish followed us. (2)____

The stars of the film promised to be blue sharks. Fast and slim-bodied with pointed snouts, they grow to 12 feet in length and are known to attack humans. (3)____I thought someone was welcoming our visitors by pounding rapidly on a large bass drum. Then I realised that the fierce pounding was the beating of my own heart.

The shark cage sat on the deck. It was mainly constructed from wire. The idea was to swim into the cage once under the water. The only hand-held weapon I was given was a broom handle.

By the time I got to the cage, five sharks were swimming around us. As they glided past, they seemed curious, and'I felt like something hung up in a meat market. (4)____Strangely, proximity seemed to calm my fear.

We began to hand-feed the sharks as they cruised by the cage. Several times, I offered a fish, then yanked it away at the crucial moment. Then I felt guilty about teasing the monsters and began to want more contact.

I decided to go outside the cage. (5)____“They tend to hit some part of your body that is not moving. Usually this means the head.”

Outside the cage and checking in all directions, I moved to where Jack was shooting one particular shark for the film. (6)____It put on a slight burst of speed and glided in my direction. I had ten seconds to get my own broom handle in position, and when the shark was a foot away, I hit it firmly, on the snout. The shark twisted away, and disappeared into the depths. Relieved, I realised the mildest show of aggression seemed to put these fellows off their feed.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (2) одним из пред­ло­жен­ных тек­сто­вых фраг­мен­тов.

 

1  — Sometimes, though, they get injured too.

2  — And Jack, a film maker, photographer and adventurer, was a diving legend.

3  — They have teeth that tear into flesh like hacksaws

4  — Ideally, a cruising shark would turn and follow the line to the boat.

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
45.  
i

1.  Housewife and grandmother

I went down a cliff to raise money for charity. It was an enormous challenge as I’m actually quite afraid of heights. It was only really the moment of going over the edge that was difficult: after that it was very easy. You just have to get into the'rhythm and not go too fast. My son is really keen on climbing and some of his friends from his university

climbing club set everything up and organised the whole event. There were about twenty of us who did it and between us we raised well over the target amount.

2.  Lawyer

I ran a triathlon and managed to get over 50 people to sponsor me. I had to train for months and it was really hard work but well worth it. I actually enjoyed the training more than the final event because on the day the weather was terrible. In the months running up to the event I followed a very strict regime and it felt good to be working towards such a specific goal. Knowing that I was going to be able to give a large donation to charity made me even more determined to do it. It was such a positive experience I’m going to do it again next year.

3.  Environmental consultant

I cycled from L.A. to Quito last spring. All my family thought I was mad but I love cycling and I knew it would be an amazing way to see lots of really interesting places. I managed to raise quite a bit of money for charity through sponsorship although that wasn’t my main, objective. I turned 30 in March and I really wanted to be doing something totally different rather than just sitting at my desk in the office. I wanted it to be something I could look back on when I am older and feel proud of. The fact that I was able to do something to help those less well off than me at the same time, well that made it even better.

4.  Retired primary school head teacher

We used to make a big effort to get the children involved in charity events as I think it helps raise their awareness of world events and the fact that in many places there are people, particularly children like themselves, who live in very different circumstances to them. I think they get a great sense of satisfaction too from knowing that they are able to do something to help. Each year we had a special day; where all the children paid a small amount of money and then came to school for one day in their own clothes and not in school uniform. We also regularly held parties where the children were encouraged to donate old toys and books and things which we then sold. All the money we made went to our chosen charity.

Про­чи­тай­те тек­сты (1—4). От­веть­те на во­прос. В блан­ке от­ве­тов по­ставь­те метку (х) в кле­точ­ке, со­от­вет­ству­ю­щей но­ме­ру тек­ста, от­ве­ча­ю­ще­го на во­прос.

 

1  — Housewife and grandmother

2  — Lawyer

3  — Environmental consultant

4  — Retired primary school head teacher

 

Wich person says the hardest part was the beginning of the activity?

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
46.  
i

Where do people get their inspiration for work?

1.  Corinne Day: Photographer

I get my ideas for photographs anywhere, at any time; I don’t have to be specifically doing anything. I keep a diary at home and write down any t houghts I have, and then when a job comes up, I see if there is anything in it that applies. It’s almost impossible for me to switch off. When I was abroad recently, I wanted to get away from taking photographs, so I didn’t take my camera with me. But I could still see pictures all the time and wished I had brought it.

2.  Jan Kaplicky: Architect

Success in my job depends on the people you have around you and how good they are. There are engineers, model- makers, photographers  — architecture is not a one-man product. I come into the office every day. I like to arrive at 8 a.m., as this is a very peaceful period when I can think about things before the usual routine starts and other people arrive. The initial idea for a job comes to me just like that sometimes. Having lots of ideas for one problem is not a sign that you are creative; that’s just a waste of energy. But I do think a lot of creativity depends on your relationships with other people.

3.  J. B. Ballard: Novelist

I think the enemy of creativity in the world today is that so much thinking is done for you. The environment is so full of television, you hardly need to do anything. Children make you see what reality is all about. Mine were a huge inspiration for me. Watching them creating their separate worlds was a very enriching experience. As for learning to be creative, I think there are a lot of skills that you need to be born with. I wrote from a pretty early age, eight or nine, and I’ve always had a very vivid imagination.

4.  Peter Molyneux: Computer Game Creator

Perhaps the greatest difference between people who are creative and people who are not is that the former always think their idea will work. They never think, ‘That's not going to work, that’s a stupid idea’. But a lot of the time I don’t know where my ideas come from. I can remember incredibly clearly the time I saw my first computer game, in a shop window. From that moment on it was as if I’d found my aim in life. I find the computer game is very creative. It brings together many different disciplines: the logic of programming, mathematics, storytelling... The general idea for a game is easy, the real challenge always comes about six months later when you have to design all the parts of the game, and consider things like how many pieces of information players can take before they get confused.

Про­чи­тай­те тек­сты (1—4). От­веть­те на во­прос. В блан­ке от­ве­тов по­ставь­те метку (х) в кле­точ­ке, со­от­вет­ству­ю­щей но­ме­ру тек­ста, от­ве­ча­ю­ще­го на во­прос.

 

1  — Corinne Day: Photographer

2  — Jan Kaplicky: Architect

3  — J. B. Ballard: Novelist

4  — Peter Molyneux: Computer Game Creator

 

Which person likes having a quiet time before the start of a working day?

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
47.  
i

1.  Housewife and grandmother

I went down a cliff to raise money for charity. It was an enormous challenge as I’m actually quite afraid of heights. It was only really the moment of going over the edge that was difficult: after that it was very easy. You just have to get into the'rhythm and not go too fast. My son is really keen on climbing and some of his friends from his university

climbing club set everything up and organised the whole event. There were about twenty of us who did it and between us we raised well over the target amount.

2.  Lawyer

I ran a triathlon and managed to get over 50 people to sponsor me. I had to train for months and it was really hard work but well worth it. I actually enjoyed the training more than the final event because on the day the weather was terrible. In the months running up to the event I followed a very strict regime and it felt good to be working towards such a specific goal. Knowing that I was going to be able to give a large donation to charity made me even more determined to do it. It was such a positive experience I’m going to do it again next year.

3.  Environmental consultant

I cycled from L.A. to Quito last spring. All my family thought I was mad but I love cycling and I knew it would be an amazing way to see lots of really interesting places. I managed to raise quite a bit of money for charity through sponsorship although that wasn’t my main, objective. I turned 30 in March and I really wanted to be doing something totally different rather than just sitting at my desk in the office. I wanted it to be something I could look back on when I am older and feel proud of. The fact that I was able to do something to help those less well off than me at the same time, well that made it even better.

4.  Retired primary school head teacher

We used to make a big effort to get the children involved in charity events as I think it helps raise their awareness of world events and the fact that in many places there are people, particularly children like themselves, who live in very different circumstances to them. I think they get a great sense of satisfaction too from knowing that they are able to do something to help. Each year we had a special day; where all the children paid a small amount of money and then came to school for one day in their own clothes and not in school uniform. We also regularly held parties where the children were encouraged to donate old toys and books and things which we then sold. All the money we made went to our chosen charity.

Про­чи­тай­те тек­сты (1—4). От­веть­те на во­прос. В блан­ке от­ве­тов по­ставь­те метку (х) в кле­точ­ке, со­от­вет­ству­ю­щей но­ме­ру тек­ста, от­ве­ча­ю­ще­го на во­прос.

 

1  — Housewife and grandmother

2  — Lawyer

3  — Environmental consultant

4  — Retired primary school head teacher

 

Wich person sees taking part in charity events as a way of learning about people in need?

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
48.  
i

1. Alice Chan, 29

Not having a clear idea what career path to take, I opted for something I knew my parents would approve of - in my case, advertising. It couldn't have been a more glamorous job, dining with clients in Smart restaurants, jetting around the world to film ads. But I just couldn't be myself. So one day I just handed in my notice and retrained as a social worker, working with kids from disadvantaged families. And I've never looked back. It's meant a huge drop in my income but it's a sacrifice I'm happy to make for the sake of doing something worthwhile.

2. Jon Golding, 32

I used to work for an IT firm. I was never interested in progressing within the company but I was too scared to let go of the guaranteed income. I was a keen guitarist in my spare time. One day I was on holiday with a group of friends and we were chatting about our dreams. That was a turning point for me and I came home and enrolled on an evening course in guitar-making. I quit my job, converted my garage into a studio and set up my own business building guitars. My company is now one of the UK's leading guitar-builders. Needless to say, I haven't regretted my decision for a moment

3. Felix Mason, 34

I wanted to do something useful with my life and my dad was a science teacher so I decided to follow in his footsteps. But it turned out to be a thankless job. I was putting all my energy into it but getting very little back, apart from increasing demands from managers and parents. Finally, after 10 years, I quit. I was quite keen on writing. So I took on a very junior role as assistant editor for a technology magazine. After just three months, I was made editor, and four years on, I'm publisher of the magazine. Much as I miss the students, office life suits me far better. Being able to just get up and get a coffee whenever you want is amazing. You can't do that when you're teaching until the bell goes.

4. Debbie Fielding, 27

I'd been working as a veterinary nurse and the routine nature of the job was starting to get to me. I didn't get on with my boss, so when I was made redundant last year it came as quite a relief. I'd often dreamt of starting a company which provides specially trained animals to the film industry and it seemed like the right moment to give it ago. So I retrained and researched the opportunities available to me. It's taken a while to get the business up and running. I'm building up client contacts slowly and I expect things to take off properly within the next few months.

Про­чи­тай­те тек­сты. От­веть­те на во­про­сы. Вы­бе­ри­те номер тек­ста, от­ве­ча­ю­ще­го на во­прос.

 

Which person used to lack ambition?

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
49.  
i

The best way to keep well is to avoid (1) ... foods and habits. It is also helpful to take plenty of exercise, and we should give (2) ... to people of all ages to do this, particularly the very young. If we can educate people at an early age to keep fit and to look after themselves carefully, then the (3) ... of their having problems in later life will be (4) ... reduced.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. На место про­пус­ка (1) вы­бе­ри­те под­хо­дя­щее по смыс­лу слово из пред­ло­жен­ных. За­пи­ши­те слово в той форме, в ко­то­рой оно долж­но сто­ять в пред­ло­же­нии. Пом­ни­те, что каж­дое слово может быть ис­поль­зо­ва­но толь­ко один раз и что за­дан­ную форму слова не­об­хо­ди­мо из­ме­нить.

 

PROBABLE, CONSIDER, HEALTH, ENCOURAGE

50.  
i

The best way to keep well is to avoid (1) ... foods and habits. It is also helpful to take plenty of exercise, and we should give (2) ... to people of all ages to do this, particularly the very young. If we can educate people at an early age to keep fit and to look after themselves carefully, then the (3) ... of their having problems in later life will be (4) ... reduced.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. На место про­пус­ка (2) вы­бе­ри­те под­хо­дя­щее по смыс­лу слово из пред­ло­жен­ных. За­пи­ши­те слово в той форме, в ко­то­рой оно долж­но сто­ять в пред­ло­же­нии. Пом­ни­те, что каж­дое слово может быть ис­поль­зо­ва­но толь­ко один раз и что за­дан­ную форму слова не­об­хо­ди­мо из­ме­нить.

 

PROBABLE, CONSIDER, HEALTH, ENCOURAGE

51.  
i

The number one gadget for most teenagers today is the mobile phone. They seem to get enormous (1) ... from comparing new models which (2) ... them to send text messages at the speed of life. But most teachers are totally intolerable of mobile phone use in the classroom. Text messaging is completely banned and mobiles should be (3) ... switched off. This approach gets across the message that students need to concentrate. However, it shows that many schools misunderstand the full capability of the mobile phone. After all, a mobile phone is just like a mini computer, with full access to the web. There are many (4) ... ways in which mobiles can be used for learning.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те под­хо­дя­щее по смыс­лу слово из пред­ло­жен­ных. B ответ за­пи­ши­те слово в той форме, в ко­то­рой оно долж­но сто­ять в пред­ло­же­нии. Пом­ни­те, что каж­дое слово может быть ис­поль­зо­ва­но толь­ко один раз и что за­дан­ную форму слова не­об­хо­ди­мо из­ме­нить. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (3).

 

CREATE, ABLE, SATISFY, FIRM

52.  
i

Tea is an (1) ... popular drink with many people. It is estimated that the consumption of tea in England alone exceeds 165 million cups daily. Despite this, the drink was virtually (2) ... in England until about 400 years ago. The first reference to tea in England comes in a diary written in 1660. However, its (3) ... really took off after the marriage of King Charles II to Catherine of Braganza. It was her great love of tea that made it (4) ... .

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те под­хо­дя­щее по смыс­лу слово из пред­ло­жен­ных. B ответ за­пи­ши­те слово в той форме, в ко­то­рой оно долж­но сто­ять в пред­ло­же­нии. Пом­ни­те, что каж­дое слово может быть ис­поль­зо­ва­но толь­ко один раз и что за­дан­ную форму слова не­об­хо­ди­мо из­ме­нить. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (4).

 

FASHION, EXTREME, KNOWN, POPULAR

53.  
i

Many tourists (1) ... visit Central America find it surprising to learn that the Mayas still live there. Although it is true that their ancient civilization (2) ... to an end when their country was taken over by the Spanish conquistadors, the Mayan people carried on living in the area. Today there are an estimated 1.2 million Mayas who live in southern Mexico, and many other areas of Central America states have large Mayan populations as (3) ... .

Про­чи­тай­те текст. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (1) толь­ко одним сло­вом, под­хо­дя­щим по смыс­лу. Слово долж­но со­дер­жать не более 15 сим­во­лов.

54.  
i

The Ryder Cup is a famous golf tournament and it is now (1) ... of the biggest events in sport. Tickets regularly sell out within hours after going on sale. (2) ... makes it different from other golf tournaments is that it involves teams rather (3) ... individuals, with Europe competing against the USA. (4) ... is no prize money, but emotions run high. The players enjoy experiencing again the original feelings that made them take up the sport in the first place.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (2) толь­ко одним сло­вом, под­хо­дя­щим по смыс­лу. Слово долж­но со­дер­жать не более 15 сим­во­лов.

55.  
i

As you know, I finish school this summer and I am looking (1) ... to starting work and earning some money of my (2) ... . Eventually I want to open a shop and intend to get a job in the local department store to gain as (3) ... practical experience as possible. Of course my parents want (4) ... to go to college and do a business course but I feel I'd learn more on the job.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (3) толь­ко одним сло­вом, под­хо­дя­щим по смыс­лу. Слово долж­но со­дер­жать не более 15 сим­во­лов.

56.  
i

As you know, I finish school this summer and I am looking (1) ... to starting work and earning some money of my (2) ... . Eventually I want to open a shop and intend to get a job in the local department store to gain as (3) ... practical experience as possible. Of course my parents want (4) ... to go to college and do a business course but I feel I'd learn more on the job.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (4) толь­ко одним сло­вом, под­хо­дя­щим по смыс­лу. Слово долж­но со­дер­жать не более 15 сим­во­лов.

57.  
i

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­пи­ши­те по два лиш­них слова в по­ряд­ке их предъ­яв­ле­ния в тек­сте.

 

What does he think of the rumours that he and Sophie are planning toget their married? "Every day I see things which written about me that aren't true. One day they say we're getting married and the next day that I'm seeing another woman. I just try to ignore all of it."

58.  
i

Пе­ре­ве­ди­те на ан­глий­ский язык фраг­мент пред­ло­же­ния, дан­ный в скоб­ках.

 

I'm speaking (по па­мя­ти), but I believe it was last May.

59.  
i

Пе­ре­ве­ди­те на ан­глий­ский язык фраг­мент пред­ло­же­ния, дан­ный в скоб­ках.

 

Is there anything (ещё) I can do for you?

60.  
i

Пе­ре­ве­ди­те на ан­глий­ский язык фраг­мент пред­ло­же­ния, дан­ный в скоб­ках.

 

Hardly anyone noticed my new dress, (не так ли)?